MODAL FERFECT

Modal perfect biasanya dipakai untuk mengungkapkan kejadian pada masa lampau. Modal perfect dipakai dalam kondisi yang berbeda-beda sesuai dengan bentuk modal awalnya apakah menggunakan modal: Can/could (ability), may/might (possibility), dll.


MODALS

1.  Modal Present (M1): Can, may, shall, will, dll.

2.  Modal Past (M2): could, might, should, would, dll

3.  Modal Perfect (M3): could have V3, might/may have V3, should have V3, and would have V3.



MODAL PERFECT


a.  MUST HAVE V3

Kita menggunakan modal perfect Must Have V3 untuk menggungkapkan kesimpulan akan kejadian yang telah terjadi di masa lampau. Sebuah kesimpulan berarti kita yakin 95% bahwa sesuatu itu PASTI…

Examples:

‘When we came home, we found the door of my house was open and broken’

‘Oh, there must have been thieves stealing in your house’


b. MIGHT HAVE V3

Kita menggunakan modal perfect Might Have V3 untuk mengungkapkan kemungkinan akan sebuah kejadian yang terjadi di masa lampau. Kemungkinan di sini berarti masih fifty-fifty bahwa seseuatu itu MUNGKIN…

Contoh:                           

     Examples:

     ‘I called him several times yesterday but there was no answer’

     ‘He might have been out of town.’


c. SHOULD /OUGHT TO HAVE V3

Kita menggunakan modal perfect perfect Should Have V3 untuk mengungkapkan sebuah saran yang seharusnya dilakukan oleh seseorang di masa lampau namun saran tersebut pasti tidak dilakukan. Modal perfect jenis ini lebih cendrung pada sebuah penyesalan. Kita mengungkapkan dalam bahasa Indonesia SEHARUSNYA….namun…

Examples:
‘Does Anto know that Myrna had an accident yesterday?’

‘I don’t think so. We should have told him.’


d. COULD HAVE V3

Kita menggunakan modal perfect Could Have V3 untuk mengungkapkan kemampuan seseorang melakukan sesuatu di masa lampau, namun tidak dilakukan. Bisa kita analogikan dengan Dapat….namun….

Examples:
Rita didn’t come to my party. Actually, he could have come to my party.             



QUESTION

01.    I could not find the museum you told me about.

        I …..the wrong bus.

(A)    must have taken                       (C) ought to take

(B)    would have taken                     (E) should take

(C)    should have taken



02.     I did not know there was a test yesterday. You…me about it.

(A)    would have told                       (D) must have

(B)    could tell                                  (E).should have told

(C)    should tell

       

03.    ‘I am sorry, I was not able to finish typing your paper.’

‘Well, it was my fault, I…you with so much work

(A)    might not have burdened

(B)    had not burdened

(C)    should not have burdened

(D)    would not burden

(E)     could not have burdened



04.    ‘Was John accepted at Astra?’

        ‘ He might have been. I haven’t seen him around for some time.’ The underlined words mean that he…

(A)    refuses to work for Astra

(B)    is not working for Astra

(C)    is still unemployed

(D)    was certainly accepted

(E)     was probably accepted



05.    ‘I have heard that Alex was fined $100 for littering when he was in Singapore.’

        ‘Really? He …that there is law against littering in public places.

(A)    might have known      

(B)    should not have known

(C)    could have known

(D)    ought to have known  

(E)     must not have known



06.    ‘I can’t find my handphone in my bag!’

        ‘ Well, you…in the car. Let’s take a look!’

(A)    may have to leave it        

(B)    may have left it               

(C)    had to leave it

(D)    should have left              

(E)     must leave it



07.    ‘I finally bought a computer but I’m not satisfied with it.’

‘That’s too bad. You…Darno, our computer technician, for advice.’

(A)    should have asked                  

(B)    may have asked

(C)    ought to ask

(D)    must have asked

(E)     would ask



08.    ‘When I arrived at this office at 3.00, Indra was not there.’

‘Well, he….early.’ 

(A)    should go home    

(B)    must have gone home

(C)    might go home    

(D)    would have gone home

(E)     had better go home                      



09.   ‘I’ve lost a lot of money by investing it in your friend’s business.’

        ‘I am sorry, you…about his business.’

(A)    had better consult me

(B)    should have consulted me

(C)    would rather consult me

(D)    must have consulted me

(E)     ought to consult me



10.   ‘It was a long and tiring flight from London.’

        ‘Well, let me show you to your room then; you…by now.

(A)    can be exhausted      

(B)    must be exhausted

(C)    would be exhausted

(D)    could have been exhausted

(E)     might have been exhausted



11.  ‘This is the last flight from Jakarta, but I don’t see my daughter among the passengers.’

‘She ….the flight.’

(A)    must miss       

(B)    must have missed

(C)    should miss     

(D)    should have missed

(E)     ought to have missed



12.   'I am tired of watching that movie; there is too much violence.’

‘I agree; ….the channel?

(A)    I should change

(B)    Would we rather change

(C)    I must  change

(D)    Shall I change

(E)     Had I better change



13.   'I remember when we were children, Robert…with a big smile that one day he would be famous.’

(A)    had to stay

(B)    would rather have said

(C)    might have said

(D)    used to stay

(E)     ought to have said



14.   ‘There’s a letter stating that Ina has to leave for the U.S. next week.’

        ‘Well, she…the news right away then.’

(A)    should tell

(B)    should have told         

(C)    should be telling               

(D)    should be told

(E)     should be telling it



15.   'I tried to call Tina on her mobile phone yesterday, but I only got her mailbox.’

‘ She….to bring her phone, she often does that.’

(A)    had to forget

(B)    should have forgotten

(C)    must forget

(D)    must have forgotten

(E)     ought to forget